Dr. Tian Xiaochuan

Tian, Xiaochuan (田小川)

Geodynamics | Lithospheric Deformation | Magma-Tectonic

Summa and Awwiller Postdoctoral Fellow | UC Davis

About

Ignorance of reality causes suffering; to be free from suffering, we seek truths. One fundamental truth of the Earth is that things move and deform, governed by the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy, which constitute the core of a geodynamic model. Meanwhile, progress in Earth science increasingly depends on bridging processes once studied in isolation. By leveraging advancements in geodynamic modeling, global datasets, and interdisciplinary constraints, my research seeks to reveal principal mechanisms and quantify key parameters that control the phenomena vital to civilizations — e.g. earthquakes, volcanism, topography, and climate.

Research Philosophy: In pursuit of simplicity amid nature's inherent complexity, I emphasize uncovering the general first-order controls underlying intricate phenomena through a combination of analytical and numerical models validated against multidisciplinary observational constraints.

Education

Research Interests

Oceanic Transform Faults

How magmatism controls global variations in transform fault topography; what about global fracture zones?

Large Igneous Provinces

Magmatic intrusions, crustal rheology, topography, climate impacts, global warming before volcanism?

Subduction Zone Dynamics

Strain partitioning at global subduction zones and forearc deformation in Northern California

Continental Rifting

Lithospheric strength at volcanic rifting margins and the formation of seaward dipping reflectors

Rock Fabric Development

Numerical simulations of clinopyroxene fabric under laboratory and natural conditions; crustal delamination and finite strain

Mid-Ocean Ridge Processes

Interactions between magmatic diking and normal faulting; along-axis variations in extension

Through lithospheric dynamics, deep carbon–climate feedbacks, and rheological upscaling, my research addresses a unifying question:

How does the Earth's interior regulate its surface environment through the transfer of stress, mass, and energy across scales?

Selected Publications

Nature Communications Tian, X., Behn, M.D., Ito, G, Schierjott, J. C., Kaus, B. J., Popov, A. (2024).
Magmatism controls global oceanic transform fault topography. Nature Communications, 15, 1914.

Spreading-rate-dependent magmatism plays a central role in controlling global transform fault topography. Shows that oceanic transform faults are not simple conservative strike-slip boundaries.

Nature Geoscience Tian, X., & Buck, W. R. (2022).
Intrusions induce global warming before continental flood basalt volcanism. Nature Geoscience, 15, 417–422.

Demonstrates that CO₂ released from magmatic intrusions causes global warming before the main phase of Large Igneous Province eruptions, with implications for triggers of LIP volcanism and mass extinction events.

Schierjott, J. C., Ito, G., Behn, M. D., Tian, X., Morrow, T., Kaus, B. J., & Escartín, J. (2023).
How transform fault shear influences where detachment faults form near mid-ocean ridges. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 9259.
Tian, X., & Buck, W. R. (2019).
Lithospheric Thickness of Volcanic Rifting Margins: Constraints from Seaward Dipping Reflectors. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(4), 3254-3270.
Tian, X., & Choi, E. (2017).
Effects of Axially Variable Diking Rates on Faulting at Slow Spreading Mid-Ocean Ridges. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 458, 14-21.

Manuscripts in Review/Preparation

Thesis

Tian, Xiaochuan. (2021).
Structural and Climatic Effects of Large-Scale Basaltic Magmatism: Constraints and Insights from Geodynamic Models. PhD dissertation, Columbia University.

Awards & Funding

Lori Summa and David Awwiller Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (2024-2026)
$313,875
"Ups and Downs of Northern California Forearc" - A multidisciplinary geology/geodynamics project focusing on dynamics of forearc deformation in Northern California (PI: Xiaochuan Tian, collaborating with Michael Oskin and Magali Billen)
Statewide California Earthquake Center Awards SCEC-25188 (2025-2026)
$25,056
"Numerical Simulations of the Change in Stress-State Inboard of the Mendocino Triple Junction" (PI: Xiaochuan Tian, Co-PIs: M. Oskin and M. Billen)
National Science Foundation Awards OCE-1654745 (2017-2020)
$319,977
"Evaluating mechanisms for the formation, propagation and evolution of volcanic rifts and margins" (Contributed to proposal writing; PI: W. Roger Buck)
Columbia University Dean's Fellow (2015-2020)
$409,515
The highest honor conferred upon entering graduate students in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences
AGU 2024 Tectonophysics Caregiver Awards
$500

Curriculum Vitae

Download my full CV: CV_Tian.pdf

Academic Appointments

Field & Seagoing Experience

Contact

Institution: UC Davis
GitHub: magmaxt
Google Scholar: Scholar Profile